Performance of older adults in a digital change detection task: The role of heterogeneous education.

The influence of education on traditional paper-and-pen cognitive assessments is widely reported. However, a minimal amount of evidence is available regarding the role of education in digital tasks. This study aimed to compare the performance of older adults with different educational attainment in a digital change detection task, as well as to relate their performance on the digital task and traditional paper-based tests. Participants (n = 180) were recruited in primary health care settings from a countryside city in the state of Sao Paulo-Brazil and were assigned to three different groups according to their educational background. Traditional paper-based neuropsychological instruments (i.e., ACE-R, Digit Span, Bells test) were used in addition to a digital change detection task. There was no difference in reaction time on the change detection task between the groups; however, participants with higher educational levels performed better than illiterates or lower education groups. The digital test was correlated to ACE-R total score as well as to its language domain. Our results suggested that the performance in the digital task was different for older adults with heterogeneous educational attainment. Technology is a promising pathway in cognitive assessment, and education should be considered in the interpretation of the results.

Socio-cognitive mindfulness predicts memory complaint and cognitive performance of older adults with different years of education.

BACKGROUND: Even though the effect of education on cognitive performance has been widely reported, the relationship between socio-cognitive mindfulness, cognitive performance, and memory complaint among the elderly with heterogeneous educational levels has not yet been investigated. AIM: This study aimed to analyze the potential relationship between cognitive performance, memory complaint, and socio-cognitive mindfulness in a sample of healthy older adults with different years of education. METHODS: In this quantitative, cross-sectional, observational, and analytical study, participants (n = 68) were assessed with a sociodemographic questionnaire, cognitive performance test (ACE-III), levels of socio-cognitive mindfulness (LSM-21), and memory complaint (Memory Complaint Scale). Descriptive statistics, as well as Pearson's correlation, and linear regression analysis were performed, and significance was assumed if p < .05. RESULTS: Years of education correlated with cognitive performance and socio-cognitive mindfulness, but not with memory complaint. Socio-cognitive mindfulness had a positive correlation with cognitive performance and a negative correlation with memory complaint. Also, socio-cognitive mindfulness predicted cognitive performance and memory complaint both in bivariate analysis and when controlling for years of education. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggested that older adults with higher levels of socio-cognitive mindfulness showed better cognitive performance and less memory complaint.

Factors Associated with Mortality among Elderly People in the COVID-19 Pandemic (SARS-CoV-2): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the factors associated with the mortality of elderly Italians diagnosed with coronavirus who resided in institutions or who were hospitalized because of the disease. METHODS: A systematic review following the recommendations of The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) was carried out, utilizing the PEO strategy, i.e., Population, Exposure and Outcome. In this case, the population was the elderly aged over 65 years old, the exposure referred to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and the outcome was mortality. The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI/PubMed), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE) and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases were used until 31 July 2020. RESULTS: Five Italian studies were included in this meta-analysis, with the number of elderly people included varying between 18 and 1591 patients. The main morbidities presented by the elderly in the studies were dementia, diabetes, chronic kidney disease and hypertension. CONCLUSIONS: The factors associated with the mortality of elderly Italian people diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 who lived in institutions or who were hospitalized because of the disease were evaluated. It was found that dementia, diabetes, chronic kidney disease and hypertension were the main diagnosed diseases for mortality in elderly people with COVID-19.

Treino cognitivo em idosos participantes de uma oficina gerontológica: melhorias no tempo de reação / Cognitive training in the elderly from a gerontological group: improvement in reaction time

Frente ao crescente aumento da prevalência de doenças crônicas na população, demência e comprometimento cognitivo tornam-se demandas preocupantes na saúde pública. Estudos sugerem que a prática de atividades cognitivas contribui para preservar e proteger a cognição de idosos, entretanto poucos estudos brasileiros avaliam tais efeitos por meio de testes digitais. Objetivo: avaliar os efeitos do treino cognitivo em idosos participantes de uma oficina gerontológica por meio de um teste digital e um teste tradicional. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo quase experimental, cuja amostra foi composta por 10 participantes (poder amostral = 0,89). O estudo teve duração de 20 semanas, cada com uma hora de treino cognitivo, e realizaram-se avaliações pré-intervenção e pós-intervenção. Foram utilizados um questionário sociodemográfico, o Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination ­ Revised, e um teste digital de detecção de mudanças. Resultados: nove idosas eram do sexo feminino, a média de idade foi de 71,5 anos (± 8,2) e de escolaridade de 11,3 anos de estudo (±4,8). Não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas quando comparadas as avaliações pré-intervenção e pós-intervenção para o ACE-R (t=2,083/p=0,067), nem para o número de acertos no teste digital (t=0,335; p=0,745). Contudo, observou-se uma diferença significativa no tempo de reação dos idosos (t=2,597; p=0,029), cuja média reduziu de 5,9s (±3,35) para 3,7s (±1,18). Conclusão: os resultados sugerem que o teste digital de detecção de mudanças tem potencial para monitoramento das alterações longitudinais advindas de treino cognitivo.(AU)

Due to the increasing number of chronic conditions among the population, dementia and mild cognitive impairment have become worrying demands for the field of public health. Research suggests that the practice of cognitive activities contributes to preserving and protecting cognitive functioning in the elderly, however, few Brazilian studies have evaluated such effects with digital tests. Purpose: evaluate the effects of cognitive training in elderly participants of a gerontological group with both digital and traditional cognitive tests. Methods: this is a quasi-experimental study, whose sample was 10 older adults (sampling power = 0.89). The intervention was given for 20 weeks, with one hour of cognitive training each. Pre- and post-intervention evaluation was conducted. In addition to a sociodemographic questionnaire, Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised and a digital task were used to access participants' cognition. Results: nine participants were female; the mean age was 71.5 years (± 8.2); the mean years of education was 11.3 (±4.8). No statistical difference was observed, between pre- and post-evaluations, for ACE-R (t=2.083/p=0.067) or performance in the digital task (t=0.335; p=0.745). However, a significant difference was obtained for older adults' reaction time (t=2.597; p=0.029), whose mean decreased from 5.9s (±3.35) to 3.7s (±1.18). Conclusion: our results suggest that the change detection task has the potential for monitoring longitudinal changes caused by cognitive training.(AU)

Challenges in public perception: highlights from the United Kingdom-Brazil Dementia Workshop.

In July 2019, Belo Horizonte hosted an international workshop for 27 junior researchers, whose participants were from Brazil and the United Kingdom. This three-day meeting organized by the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais and the University of East Anglia addressed challenges in cognitive impairment and dementia, with particular interest in public perceptions, diagnosis and care management. The purpose of this report is to highlight the outcomes of the above-mentioned workshop regarding the topic of public perceptions (part I). Discussions focused on differences and similarities between countries, as well as on identifying main issues that required collaborative and creative solutions. After these group discussions, four core themes emerged: I) cognitive impairment; II) dementia - beyond Alzheimer's disease; III) prevention; and IV) stigma. National and international initiatives to deal with public misperceptions about cognitive impairment and dementia were discussed.

Em julho de 2019, Belo Horizonte sediou um workshop internacional cujos participantes foram 27 pesquisadores do Brasil e do Reino Unido. Essa reunião de três dias, organizada pela Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais e pela Universidade de East Anglia, abordou os desafios no comprometimento cognitivo e na demência, com interesse particular nas percepções do público, diagnóstico e gerenciamento de cuidados. O objetivo deste relatório foi destacar os resultados do workshop sobre o tópico percepções do público (parte I). O enfoque das discussões foi nas semelhanças e diferenças entre os países, bem como na identificação dos principais problemas que necessitam soluções criativas e colaborativas. Após essas discussões em grupo, quatro temas principais foram elencados: I) comprometimento cognitivo; II) demência - além da doença de Alzheimer; III) prevenção; e IV) estigma. Foram discutidas iniciativas nacionais e internacionais para lidar com as percepções alteradas do público sobre comprometimento cognitivo e demência.

Challenges in public perception: highlights from the United Kingdom-Brazil Dementia Workshop / Desafios na percepção pública: destaques do Workshop Reino Unido-Brasil sobre Demência

ABSTRACT. In July 2019, Belo Horizonte hosted an international workshop for 27 junior researchers, whose participants were from Brazil and the United Kingdom. This three-day meeting organized by the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais and the University of East Anglia addressed challenges in cognitive impairment and dementia, with particular interest in public perceptions, diagnosis and care management. The purpose of this report is to highlight the outcomes of the above-mentioned workshop regarding the topic of public perceptions (part I). Discussions focused on differences and similarities between countries, as well as on identifying main issues that required collaborative and creative solutions. After these group discussions, four core themes emerged: I) cognitive impairment; II) dementia - beyond Alzheimer's disease; III) prevention; and IV) stigma. National and international initiatives to deal with public misperceptions about cognitive impairment and dementia were discussed.

RESUMO. Em julho de 2019, Belo Horizonte sediou um workshop internacional cujos participantes foram 27 pesquisadores do Brasil e do Reino Unido. Essa reunião de três dias, organizada pela Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais e pela Universidade de East Anglia, abordou os desafios no comprometimento cognitivo e na demência, com interesse particular nas percepções do público, diagnóstico e gerenciamento de cuidados. O objetivo deste relatório foi destacar os resultados do workshop sobre o tópico percepções do público (parte I). O enfoque das discussões foi nas semelhanças e diferenças entre os países, bem como na identificação dos principais problemas que necessitam soluções criativas e colaborativas. Após essas discussões em grupo, quatro temas principais foram elencados: I) comprometimento cognitivo; II) demência - além da doença de Alzheimer; III) prevenção; e IV) estigma. Foram discutidas iniciativas nacionais e internacionais para lidar com as percepções alteradas do público sobre comprometimento cognitivo e demência.

Assumptions of good practices in home care for the elderly: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: To synthesize the knowledge produced on best nursing practices in long-term care for elderly at home, in order to promote healthy aging. METHOD: A systematic review, based on the Joanna Briggs Institute's proposal: without restriction of dates; in the English, Portuguese and Spanish languages; conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS, Embase and Scopus databases. RESULTS: Among 453 articles identified, 16 were included in the review: seven qualitative and nine quantitative, published between 1996 and 2015. The synthesis of the data identified as best practices identifies a premise of care centered on the elderly and the inclusion of the elderly, family and nurses as agents of this care. CONCLUSION: According to evidence, good practices in gerontological and nursing home care fundamentally depend on constant planning and reorganization, so that they are indeed comprehensive and contextualized. Thus, providing care will be reasoned by and driven to the elderly, based on their specific and global needs, favoring a process of healthy and active aging.

Assumptions of good practices in home care for the elderly: a systematic review / Supuestos de buenas prácticas en la atención domiciliaria de las personas mayores: una revisión sistemática / Pressupostos das boas práticas do cuidado domiciliar ao idoso: revisão sistemática

ABSTRACT Objective: To synthesize the knowledge produced on best nursing practices in long-term care for elderly at home, in order to promote healthy aging. Method: A systematic review, based on the Joanna Briggs Institute's proposal: without restriction of dates; in the English, Portuguese and Spanish languages; conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS, Embase and Scopus databases. Results: Among 453 articles identified, 16 were included in the review: seven qualitative and nine quantitative, published between 1996 and 2015. The synthesis of the data identified as best practices identifies a premise of care centered on the elderly and the inclusion of the elderly, family and nurses as agents of this care. Conclusion: According to evidence, good practices in gerontological and nursing home care fundamentally depend on constant planning and reorganization, so that they are indeed comprehensive and contextualized. Thus, providing care will be reasoned by and driven to the elderly, based on their specific and global needs, favoring a process of healthy and active aging.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Sintetizar el conocimiento producido sobre las mejores prácticas enfermeras en el cuidado a largo plazo para los adultos mayores en el hogar, a fin de promover un envejecimiento saludable. Método: Una revisión sistemática, basada en la propuesta del Instituto Joanna Briggs, sin restricción de fechas, en los idiomas inglés, portugués y español, realizada en las bases de datos PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS, Embase y Scopus. Resultados: Entre los 453 artículos identificados, 16 se incluyeron en la revisión: siete cualitativos y nueve cuantitativos, publicados entre 1996 y 2015. La síntesis de los datos se identificó como las mejores prácticas evidencian como premisas la atención centrada en los adultos mayores y su inclusión, así como de los familiares y enfermeras como agentes de este cuidado. Conclusión: De acuerdo con las evidencias, las buenas prácticas en gerontología y en asilos, dependen esencialmente de la planificación y reorganización constantes, por lo que son integrales y contextualizadas. Por lo tanto, la atención se razonará y se dirigirá a los adultos mayores, en función de sus necesidades específicas y globales, lo que favorece un proceso de envejecimiento saludable y activo.

RESUMO Objetivo: sintetizar o conhecimento produzido sobre as melhores práticas de enfermagem no cuidado de longa duração ao idoso no domicílio, a fim de favorecer o envelhecimento saudável. Método: Revisão sistemática, segundo proposta do Joanna Briggs Institute, sem restrição de datas, nos idiomas inglês, português e espanhol, nas bases de dados PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS, Embase e Scopus. Resultados: De um total de 453 artigos identificados, 16 foram incluídos na revisão: sete qualitativos e nove quantitativos, publicados entre 1996 e 2015. A síntese dos dados identificados como melhores práticas evidencia como pressupostos o cuidado centrado no idoso e a inclusão do idoso, da família e dos enfermeiros como agentes deste cuidado. Conclusão: As boas práticas em enfermagem gerontológica na atenção domiciliar, segundo as evidências, dependem fundamentalmente de constantes planejamentos e reorganizações, para que sejam de fato inclusivas e contextualizadas. Dessa forma, a produção do cuidado será fundamentada e orientada ao idoso, com base em suas necessidades específicas e globais, o que favorece um processo de envelhecimento saudável e ativo.

Comparative study between formal and informal caregivers of older adults. / Estudo comparativo entre cuidadores formais e informais de idosos.

OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to compare the health conditions and burden of formal and informal caregivers of older adults. Cross-sectional and comparative study with a quantitative approach. The data were collected in 2014 in São Carlos/SP, using the Zarit Burden Interview and the SRQ 20 (Self Reported Questionnaire). RESULTS: The sample included 15 formal and 35 informal caregivers. Among the formal caregivers, women were predominant (86.7%), with a mean age of 36.7, mean of 13.7 years of education, mean workload of 7.5 hours per day, 26.7% were diagnosed with emotional distress and they the majority mentioned feeling "a little overloaded" (40%). Concerning the informal caregivers, women were predominant (85.7%), 42.9% were the children of the older adult, with a mean age of 55.2 years, mean of 7.1 years of education, length of time as caregiver of 6.5 years, mean of 19.8 hours per day taking care of the older adult, 17 (48.6%) presented mild overload and 16 (45.7%) presented emotional distress. CONCLUSIONS: The results revealed important differences and attention is needed to planning interventions to improve health and work conditions of these people.

Este estudo objetivou comparar as condições de saúde e a sobrecarga de cuidadores formais e informais de idosos. Estudo observacional, seccional, comparativo com coleta em 2014, em São Carlos/SP, utilizando-se os instrumentos Escala de Sobrecarga de Zarit e SRQ 20 (Self Reporting Questionaire). A amostra, constituída de 15 cuidadores formais e 35 informais. Os formais, maioria mulheres (86,7%), média de 36,7 anos, escolaridade de 13,7 anos, carga horária de 7,5 horas diárias de trabalho, 26,7% com desconforto emocional e maior frequência, sentiram-se "um pouco sobrecarregados" (40%). Os informais, maioria mulheres (85,7%), 42,9% representados por filhos, média de 55,2 anos, escolaridade de 7,1 anos, tempo de cuidado de 6,5 anos, com 19,8 horas diárias no cuidado ao idoso, 17 (48,6%) apresentaram leve sobrecarga e 16 (45,7%) apresentaram desconforto emocional. Revelaram-se importantes diferenças e alertas para o planejamento de intervenções visando à melhoria nas condições de saúde e de trabalho destes indivíduos.

Intervenção cognitiva domiciliar para cuidadores de idosos com Alzheimer / Home cognitive intervention for elderly with Alzheimer's caregivers

Objetivo: avaliar o efeito de intervenção cognitiva domiciliar sobre a cognição, a sobrecarga e o estresse em cuidadores de idosos com Doença de Alzheimer. Método: trata-se de estudo quantitativo, tipo quaseexperimental, com 17 cuidadores informais de idosos com Doença de Alzheimer. Utilizaram-se o Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R), a Escala de Estresse Percebido (PSS) e a Escala de Sobrecarga de Zarit para a avaliação antes e depois da intervenção. Analisaram-se os resultados pelo SPSS, aplicando-se o test t de student para avaliar o efeito da intervenção. Resultados: identificaram-se mulheres (88,2%), com idade média de 52,5 anos e escolaridade média de 8,8 anos. Constatou-se melhora significativa na cognição geral pelo MEEM (p=0,008) e ACE-R (p= 0,003) e nos domínios atenção (p= 0,004), memória (p= 0,017) e fluência verbal (p= 0,023). Conclusão: avaliou-se pela intervenção cognitiva domiciliar melhora na cognição geral em cuidadores de idosos com Doença de Alzheimer, podendo ser uma importante ferramenta de promoção a saúde.(AU)

Effects of health education in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the effects of health education on both cognition and depressive/anxiety symptoms in the elderly with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). METHOD: this is a randomized and controlled clinical trial. Participants (n=22) were recruited from a specialized outpatient clinic, and assigned into two groups: a Health Education Group (HEG) (n=10) and a Control Group (CG) (n=12). The participants were evaluated before and after the intervention, which was composed of classes and dynamics. The intervention consisted of 20 meetings, over a period of five months. The assessment was performed by means of the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination - Revised (ACER), the Mini-Mental State Examination to access participant's cognitive state, and the Beck's Scale to access depressive/anxiety symptoms. A Memory Complaints Scale (EQM) was also used. The analysis was carried out using the Student's t test for paired samples. RESULTS: the HEG group demonstrated an improvement in attention/orientation (p= 0,026), memory (p=0.001), language (p= 0.033), and ACE-R (p= 0.003). On the other hand, the CG did not present improvement. CONCLUSION: the results highlight the importance of non-pharmacological interventions in older adults with MCI to reduce cognitive deficits.

Studies About Physical Activity Interventions Including Follow-Up Analysis: A Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND: Some studies have used the follow-up method to analyze real behavioral changes in research involving physical activity (PA) interventions. This has great scientific value; however, it is hard to apply without satisfactory resources and research funding. Little is known about how many studies have used this method to analyze PA interventions in low-income and middle-income countries, especially Brazil. PURPOSE: To describe Brazilian studies using follow-up analysis after PA interventions. METHODS: A systematic review was performed including Brazilian studies with follow-up analysis after PA interventions; the analyzed papers were from the previous 10 years. The search was carried out in Portuguese, English, and Spanish in the following databases: SciELO, Latin American and Caribbean Health Science Literature, PubMed, and Scopus. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis method was used. RESULTS: In total, 6 of the 7 studies analyzed were from the southeast region, with the intervention time ranging from 2 to 12 months, carrying out follow-up every 5.3 months with 2.2 observations on average. The interventions had a behavioral approach and were generally carried out in universities, hospitals, and ambulatory care. CONCLUSION: Studies on PA interventions using follow-up analysis are scarce. Considering the relevance of follow-up studies to measure behavior changes, the results suggest that more studies about this topic are essential in Brazil.

Estudo comparativo entre cuidadores formais e informais de idosos / Comparative study between formal and informal caregivers of older adults

Resumo Este estudo objetivou comparar as condições de saúde e a sobrecarga de cuidadores formais e informais de idosos. Estudo observacional, seccional, comparativo com coleta em 2014, em São Carlos/SP, utilizando-se os instrumentos Escala de Sobrecarga de Zarit e SRQ 20 (Self Reporting Questionaire). A amostra, constituída de 15 cuidadores formais e 35 informais. Os formais, maioria mulheres (86,7%), média de 36,7 anos, escolaridade de 13,7 anos, carga horária de 7,5 horas diárias de trabalho, 26,7% com desconforto emocional e maior frequência, sentiram-se "um pouco sobrecarregados" (40%). Os informais, maioria mulheres (85,7%), 42,9% representados por filhos, média de 55,2 anos, escolaridade de 7,1 anos, tempo de cuidado de 6,5 anos, com 19,8 horas diárias no cuidado ao idoso, 17 (48,6%) apresentaram leve sobrecarga e 16 (45,7%) apresentaram desconforto emocional. Revelaram-se importantes diferenças e alertas para o planejamento de intervenções visando à melhoria nas condições de saúde e de trabalho destes indivíduos.

Abstract This study was aimed to compare the health conditions and burden of formal and informal caregivers of older adults. Cross-sectional and comparative study with a quantitative approach. The data were collected in 2014 in São Carlos/SP, using the Zarit Burden Interview and the SRQ 20 (Self Reported Questionnaire). Results The sample included 15 formal and 35 informal caregivers. Among the formal caregivers, women were predominant (86.7%), with a mean age of 36.7, mean of 13.7 years of education, mean workload of 7.5 hours per day, 26.7% were diagnosed with emotional distress and they the majority mentioned feeling "a little overloaded" (40%). Concerning the informal caregivers, women were predominant (85.7%), 42.9% were the children of the older adult, with a mean age of 55.2 years, mean of 7.1 years of education, length of time as caregiver of 6.5 years, mean of 19.8 hours per day taking care of the older adult, 17 (48.6%) presented mild overload and 16 (45.7%) presented emotional distress. Conclusions The results revealed important differences and attention is needed to planning interventions to improve health and work conditions of these people.

Effects of health education in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment / Efectos de la Educación en Salud en adultos mayores con Disfunción Cognitiva Leve / Efeitos da educação em saúde em idosos com comprometimento cognitivo leve

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the effects of health education on both cognition and depressive/anxiety symptoms in the elderly with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Method: this is a randomized and controlled clinical trial. Participants (n=22) were recruited from a specialized outpatient clinic, and assigned into two groups: a Health Education Group (HEG) (n=10) and a Control Group (CG) (n=12). The participants were evaluated before and after the intervention, which was composed of classes and dynamics. The intervention consisted of 20 meetings, over a period of five months. The assessment was performed by means of the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination - Revised (ACER), the Mini-Mental State Examination to access participant's cognitive state, and the Beck's Scale to access depressive/anxiety symptoms. A Memory Complaints Scale (EQM) was also used. The analysis was carried out using the Student's t test for paired samples. Results: the HEG group demonstrated an improvement in attention/orientation (p= 0,026), memory (p=0.001), language (p= 0.033), and ACE-R (p= 0.003). On the other hand, the CG did not present improvement. Conclusion: the results highlight the importance of non-pharmacological interventions in older adults with MCI to reduce cognitive deficits.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar los efectos de la educación en salud en la cognición y síntomas depresivos y ansiosos en adultos mayores con Disfunción Cognitiva Leve. Método: Se trata de un ensayo clínico aleatorizado y controlado. Muestra (n = 22) compuesta por Grupo Educación en Salud (GES) (n = 10) y Grupo Control Activo (GC) (n = 12). Los participantes adultos mayores fueron de un ambulatorio especializado. Se evaluaron antes y después de la intervención, intercalados entre las clases y dinámicas con duración de 20 sesiones, durante 5 meses, por pruebas de cognición (Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised-ACER; Mini- Examinación del Estado Mental, MEEM), síntomas depresivos, ansiosos (Escala de Beck) y queja de memoria (EQM). En el análisis se ha utilizado el Test t de student para muestras apareadas. Resultados: El GES presentó mejora en atención/orientación (p = 0,026), memoria (p = 0,001), lenguaje (p = 0,033) y en ACE-R (p = 0.003). No hubo ninguna mejoría signicativa en el GC. Conclusión: Estos resultados destacan la importancia de la intervención no-farmacológíca en los adultos mayores con CCL para atenuar déficits cognitivos.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar o impacto da educação em saúde na cognição e nos sintomas depressivos e ansiosos em idosos com comprometimento cognitivo leve. Método: ensaio clínico randomizado e controlado. Amostra (n=22) composta por Grupo Educação em Saúde (GES) (n=10) e Grupo-Controle ativo (GC). Idosos procedentes de um ambulatório especializado foram avaliados durante cinco meses, em um total de 20 encontros, antes e após a intervenção intercalando aulas e dinâmicas. Para tanto, foram aplicados testes de cognição (Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised - ACER; Mini Exame do Estado Mental - MEEM) e avaliados sintomas depressivos, ansiosos (Escala de Beck) e queixa de memória (EQM). Na análise, utilizou-se o Test t de student para amostras pareadas. Resultados: O GES apresentou melhora na atenção/orientação (p= 0,026), memória (p=0,001), linguagem (p= 0,033) e no ACE-R (p= 0,003). Não houve melhora significativa no GC. Conclusão: destaca-se a importância da intervenção não farmacológica com esta clientela para amenizar déficits cognitivos.

Effects of a Health Education program on cognition, mood and functional capacity.

OBJECTIVE:: Assess the effect of a Health Education (HE) program on cognition, mood and functional capacity of participants in a University of The Third Age (U3A). METHOD:: Controlled clinical trial. The HE Program consisted of 10 sessions with group dynamics, including orientations on disease prevention and cognitive stimulation exercises, lasting four months. Intervention Group (IG) n=13; and Control Group (CG) n=15. All were assessed at the start and end of the study, using Addenbrook´s Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R), Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventory (BDI/BAI) and Functional Independence Measure (FIM). RESULTS:: Significant improvements were observed for the IG when comparing the total ACE-R score (p=0.001) and memory domain (p=0.011) before and after the intervention. For the CG, improvement was found in the memory domain only (p=0.027). CONCLUSION:: a HE intervention program benefits the improvement in cognitive performance, particularly the memory of adults and active elderly who participated in a U3A.

Effects of a Health Education program on cognition, mood and functional capacity / Efeitos de um programa de Educação em Saúde na cognição, humor e capacidade funcional / El Efecto de la Educación para la Salud sobre la cognición, humor y capacidad functional

ABSTRACT Objective: Assess the effect of a Health Education (HE) program on cognition, mood and functional capacity of participants in a University of The Third Age (U3A). Method: Controlled clinical trial. The HE Program consisted of 10 sessions with group dynamics, including orientations on disease prevention and cognitive stimulation exercises, lasting four months. Intervention Group (IG) n=13; and Control Group (CG) n=15. All were assessed at the start and end of the study, using Addenbrook´s Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R), Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventory (BDI/BAI) and Functional Independence Measure (FIM). Results: Significant improvements were observed for the IG when comparing the total ACE-R score (p=0.001) and memory domain (p=0.011) before and after the intervention. For the CG, improvement was found in the memory domain only (p=0.027). Conclusion: a HE intervention program benefits the improvement in cognitive performance, particularly the memory of adults and active elderly who participated in a U3A.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito de um programa de Educação em Saúde (ES) na cognição, humor e capacidade funcional de participantes de uma Universidade Aberta da Terceira Idade (UATI). Método: Ensaio clínico controlado. O programa de ES consistiu de 10 sessões com dinâmicas de grupo, incluindo orientações sobre prevenção de doenças e exercícios de estimulação cognitiva, durante quatro meses. Grupo Intervenção (IG) n=13; e Grupo Controle (CG) n=15. Todos foram avaliados no início e no final do estudo, utilizando-se o Addenbrook´s Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R), o Inventário de Depressão e Ansiedade Beck (BDI/BAI) e a Medida de Independência Funcional (FIM). Resultados: observou-se melhora significativa no IG ao comparar o escore do ACE-R (p=0,001) e do domínio memória (p=0,011) antes e após a intervenção. No CG, houve melhora apenas no domínio memória (p=0,027). Conclusão: um programa de ES beneficia a melhoria do desempenho cognitivo, particularmente a memória de participantes ativos de uma UATI.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar los efectos de la Educación para la Salud (ES) en la cognición, humor y capacidad funcional de participantes de una Universidad Abierta de la Tercera Edad. Método: Se trata de un ensayo clínico controlado. El Programa de Educación para la Salud consistió en 10 sesiones con dinámicas de grupo, con orientaciones sobre prevención de enfermedades y ejercicios de estimulación cognitiva, con duración de 4 meses. Participaron 13 personas en el grupo de intervención (GI) y 15 en el grupo control (GC). Todos fueron evaluados al inicio y al término del estudio con los instrumentos Addenbrook´s Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R), Inventario de Depresión y Ansiedad de Beck (BDI/BAI) y con la Medida de la Independencia Funcional (FIM). Resultados: se observaron mejoras significativas en el GI cuando se compararon los resultados del ACE-R (p=0,001) y el dominio de la memoria (p=0,001) antes y después de la intervención. Para el GC fue encontrada una mejora significativa solamente en el dominio de la memoria (p=0.027). Conclusión: Los resultados sugieren que la intervención educativa estudiada tiene efecto beneficioso en el desempeño cognitivo de los participantes de la Universidad Abierta de la Tercera Edad.

Cognitive and functional assessment about elderly people users of health public service / Evaluación funcional y cognitiva de los ancianos usuários de los servicios de salud pública / Avaliação cognitiva e funcional de idosos usuários do serviço público de saúde

Objective: To evaluate the functional capacity, cognition and mood in three different care models for older adults. Method: A cross-sectional study conducted in 2014 with 140 older adults (37 institutionalized, 53 hospitalized and 50 outpatients). The MMSE, Clock Drawing Test (CDT), Activities of Daily Living Scale - ADLs (Katz, Lawton) and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) were applied. Results: Of those institutionalized, the majority were totally dependent for ADLs and 100% presented cognitive decline. Of those hospitalized and the outpatients, the majority were independent for ADLs, with 62.3% and 48.0% presenting cognitive decline, respectively. The minority presented depressive symptoms. The results indicated that age was a predictor of cognitive decline and the likelihood of prevalence in hospitalized and outpatient older adults increased by 8.7% for each year of life. Conclusion: It is important to pay attention to the cognitive and functional performance of older adults with the aim of preventing their decline, which is so frequent in the public health services in Brazil.

Objetivo: Evaluar la capacidad funcional, cognitiva y el estado de ánimo en tres modelos diferentes de la atención a las personas mayores. Método: Estudio transversal comparativo realizado en el año 2014 con 140 ancianos (37 institucionalizados, 53 hospitalizados y 50 ambulatorios). Aplicado el MMSE, test del reloj, Actividades de la Vida Diaria Escala (Katz, Lawton) y Escala de Depresión Geriátrica. Resultados: El institucionalizada, la mayoría totalmente dependiente para ADL y el 100% tenían deterioro cognitivo. En hospitales y clínicas, muchos independiente para ADL, con el 62,3% y el 48% con el deterioro cognitivo, respectivamente, la minoría tenía síntomas depresivos. Los resultados indicaron que la edad es un predictor de deterioro cognitivo y las posibilidades de prevalencia en hospitalizados y ambulatorios ancianos aumento del 8,7% por cada año de vida. Conclusión: Cabe destacar la importancia de dar atención al rendimiento cognitivo y funcional de las personas mayores a la prevención disminución de éstos, tan frecuentes en los servicios de salud pública en Brasil.

Objetivo: Avaliar a capacidade funcional, cognitiva e humor em três diferentes modelos de atenção ao idoso. Método: Estudo seccional, comparativo, realizado em 2014 com 140 idosos (37 institucionalizados, 53 hospitalizados e 50 ambulatoriais). Aplicou-se o MEEM, Teste do Desenho do Relógio (TDR), Escala de Atividades de Vida Diária - AVDs (Katz, Lawton) e Escala de Depressão Geriátrica (EDG). Resultados: Dos institucionalizados, a maioria estava totalmente dependente para AVDs e 100% apresentaram declínio cognitivo. No hospital e ambulatório, maioria independente para AVDs, sendo 62,3% e 48% com declínio cognitivo, respectivamente. A minoria apresentou sintomas depressivos. Os resultados indicaram que a idade foi preditor de declínio cognitivo e as chances de prevalência em idosos hospitalizados e ambulatoriais aumentam 8,7 % para cada ano de vida. Conclusão: Destaca-se a importância de se dedicar atenção ao desempenho cognitivo e funcional dos idosos objetivando a prevenção do declínio destes, tão frequentes nos serviços públicos de saúde no Brasil.

Impact of cognitive stimulation on depression, anxiety, cognition and functional capacity among adults and elderly participants of an open university for senior citizens / Impacto da estimulação cognitiva sobre depressão, ansiedade, cognição e capacidade funcional em adultos e idosos de uma universidade aberta da terceira idade

Abstract Objective: this study evaluated the effectiveness of a Gerontological Cognitive Stimulation workshop, aimed at improving the cognitive and functional performance and mood symptoms of senescent participants in an Open University for Senior Citizens. Method: An open controlled clinical trial with a wait list was performed, with 15 people participating in the intervention group and 16 people in the control group. At the beginning and end of the study (six months later) the Digit span, ACE-R, Anxiety Inventory and Beck Depression, and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) tests were applied. Results: In the intervention group, there was improvement in the variables evaluated, with significant differences in the visuospatial domain (p=0.022), symptoms of depression (p=0.048) and anxiety (p=0.002). In the control group the symptoms of depression and anxiety deteriorated. Conclusion: The results suggest that the cognitive stimulation program has a beneficial effect on the mood symptoms of adults and elderly members of an Open University Program for Senior Citizens. AU

Resumo Objetivos: o estudo avaliou a efetividade de uma oficina Gerontológica de Estimulação Cognitiva (EC) no desempenho cognitivo, funcional e nos sintomas de humor de senescentes participantes de uma Universidade Aberta à Terceira Idade. Método: Trata-se de ensaio clínico aberto controlado com lista de espera no qual participaram 15 pessoas no grupo intervenção e 16 no grupo controle. No início e no final do estudo (sexto mês), aplicou-se: Span de Dígitos; ACE-R; Inventário de Ansiedade e de Depressão de Beck e Medida da Independência Funcional (MIF). Resultados: No grupo intervenção, houve melhora para as variáveis avaliadas, e o domínio visuoespacial (p=0,022), os sintomas de depressão (p=0,048) e de ansiedade (p=0,002) apresentaram diferença significativa. No grupo controle os sintomas de depressão e de ansiedade obtiveram piora. Conclusão: Os resultados sugerem que o programa de EC tem efeito benéfico sobre os sintomas de humor de adultos e idosos frequentadores de uma Universidade Aberta à Terceira Idade. AU

Desaposentação e as contribuições biopsicossociais para o idoso: considerações gerontológicas / Desaposentation and biopsychosocial contributions for elderly: geriatric considerations

O envelhecimento populacional possibilita aumentar o número de pessoas aposentadas. E, em geral, a aposentadoria tem conotação negativa. Nesse contexto surge a desaposentação, instituto ainda não aprovado na legislação, que visa a reinserir o idoso aposentado no mercado de trabalho. O estudo teve como objetivo analisar a desaposentação no âmbito da jurisprudência e da previdência social e relacioná-la com possíveis benefícios biopsicossociais decorrentes do retorno do idoso ao trabalho.

Because more people are growing older, the number of retired elderly has increased. Also, studies show that, in general, retirement has a negative connotation in our society. In this context, the concept of "desaposentação", which has not been legally approved yet, claims to define the reintegration of retired older adults into the labor market. The purpose of this study was to analyze the "desaposentação" under both jurisprudence and social security perspectives, as well as to relate it with possible biopsychosocial benefits that come along when old people go back to work.

O papel do bacharel em Gerontologia na Universidade da Terceira Idade: um relato de experiência / The role of gerontologist at a university of the third age: a case study

Este artigo apresenta o relato da experiência do Bacharel em Gerontologia em uma Universidade da Terceira Idade em município do interior do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Tem o objetivo de descrever a atuação deste profissional neste contexto e discutir sobre os diferentes modelos de universidades da terceira idade em diferentes partes do mundo. Uma revisão sistemática duplo-cega da literatura atual disponível foi realizada e sintetizada. Além disso, a experiência de plano de gestão do gerontólogo é descrita e comentada, embasando sua atuação nas Universidades da Terceira Idade.

This paper presents the Gerontologist's practice at a University of the Third Age in the countryside of SP/BR. The aim is to describe the gerontologist professional portfolio in this context and discuss the different models of Universities of the Third Age in different parts of the world. A systematic review of the current available literature was conducted and synthesized. In addition, the management plan conducted by undergraduate students on Gerontology is described and commented in order to discuss the practice at Universities of the Third Age.